The history of Sangji Fish Pond or its similar practice (sugarcane-based fish pond and fruit-based fish pond) is that in the middle of Qing Dynasty, after the scale of silk trade between European countries and China soared, all parts of Lingnan increased silk production and expanded the distance of production. Now, in the middle of Sui Dynasty, it is almost a thousand years ago, not to mention that Qi Min Yao Shu did not remember it. Even the later Agricultural Administration could not remember that Xiao Xian had spent the same year in Ningbo rural areas before crossing, and he still had some insights in this regard.
In history, Guangdong was even later than Fujian and Zhejiang. In the two dynasties, Fujian, Zhejiang, wuyue and Song Dynasty, it was extremely rich. In Guangdong, except Guangzhou, which was extremely rich since ancient times, other counties were very poor until the end of the Qing Dynasty. The main geographical disadvantage that restricted the development of Guangdong and Guangxi was that there were too many tropical depressions, swamps and wetlands. Finally, the market tide forced the Sangji fish pond, a method to quickly transform swamps into profits.
Of course, this method should also have limitations. If it is to be effective as soon as possible, it must be that this land has no other defects before, or that the original wetland environment is rich in vegetation and rich in nutrients and fertility; The only problem to be solved is that there is too much water and too wet. If this big condition is not met, such as the land is not only wet but also salinized and barren, then the reconstruction value of Sangji fish pond is not great.
Fortunately, Xixi River and Nantiaoxi River are all living water marshes, which are not salinized. Tiaoxi River is the main river in Taihu Lake Basin. Once the first lake silk and the second lake silk are cultivated, the wetland in Tiaoxi River Basin is transformed into a mulberry fish pond, which is simply the perfect match-if Xiao Xian wants to do this by the west lake, the efficiency will get twice the result with half the effort. After more than a year of inspection in Hangzhou, Xiao Xian has reason to believe that the West Lake belongs to Qiantang in Sui Dynasty.
Wu Shihuo listened to Xiao Xian’s introduction, and his eyes became brighter and brighter. Most of his depression finally dissipated. He also had great confidence in following Xiao Xian to become a contemporary businessman. While listening, he thought to himself, "This year, if you can directly use it as a cultivated land to plant mulberry leaves, you can have a small harvest in the fourth year, and you can harvest mulberry leaves five or six times in the fifth year … The next four years are pure profits!"
"Mr. Wu, you still miscalculated-you don’t even have to wait until the fourth year. Xiao’s practice is not finished yet."
"What? Adults actually have another cause? " Wu Shihuo was completely shocked. His eyes were full of disbelief.
Chapter XII Value Depression
Xiao Xian was very satisfied with Wu Shihuo’s shock, like seeing a god’s eyes, and he triumphantly asked, "Mr. Wu, I wonder if you have heard that mulberry trees also have the method of’ cutting’?"
"Cutting? Well ….. Since I heard that Qi Min Yao Shu was printed and sold by Xiao’s adult, Wu Mou was rushing to read it day and night, but it is impossible for Wu Mou to master nature and it is not this material. Even according to the’ cutting’ method in Qi Min Yao Shu, there are more dates, pears, mulberry, chestnuts and persimmons when planting willows … "
"Yes, there is no record of mulberry cutting method in Qi Min Yao Shu. It’s not that some people deliberately deleted predecessors’ writings when finishing and printing, but it’s precisely this that some people know that mulberry trees can also be cut and the survival rate is very good after trying, so we can plant this barren field without waiting for many saplings to grow. Branch cutting can cover several times more, and even if the trees are insufficient, we can cut down and buy some cuttable buds from the people.
After cutting, one year is saved. When raising seedlings from mulberry seeds, it will take two years after planting this year. In the third year, a small amount of mulberry leaves can be picked, and in the fourth year, the government will not be able to make a profit until the sixth year, but it will actually take three years to make a profit. Isn’t it a big tax period? And the pioneers are much less measured than ordinary people. "
Xiao Xian said with a hand and patted Wu Shihuo on the shoulder. He said, "Doing business requires others not to master the secret technique to win monopoly profits. That money only comes in an upright way. It is not the right way to fight with people at low prices and collude with the government. This is still the way to take advantage of it when reeling silk and weaving satin in the future."
Wu Shihuo obviously can’t understand what "monopoly" means for a while. Fortunately, Xiao Xian’s status is higher than his, but it’s also safe. He questioned that adults said that monopoly is good, so it must be good.
……
The two talked about the means of livelihood of the sericulture base in the northwest of the city. On the same day, they also took the trouble to turn over the Baoshi Mountain and turn around the "Su Causeway" (which should be called "Xiaodi") to continue to patrol and inspect the southwest of the West Lake. There is nothing special about this place. Some landlords on the hillside along the lake can grow tea except that some places with steep slopes can’t be cultivated.
After all, the later Longjing tea came from this area, namely, Lion Peak, Longjing, Yunxi and Tiger Run, but it was wrapped in Xiao Xian now. Until the end of the Qing Dynasty or before the middle of the Qing Dynasty, that is, the Chinese population had not exceeded 200 million years ago, the tea base produced by this land was the only one in China that was crowned as the "West Lake Longjing", and at most, it was extended to Fuyang County. Later, it was modern in the late Qing Dynasty. Because of the population expansion, the standard of living was high, and people had to take a sip of Longjing to make the brand Yuhang, Xiaoshan, Lin ‘an and other suburban counties in Hangzhou, even the tea planted in Shaoxing and Huzhou, the neighboring prefecture-level cities, all played the "West Lake Longjing" brand.
However, some people may wonder why Longjing is still so barren now that it is a treasure trove of tea and feng shui. There are three reasons.
The first is whether Hangzhou was a relatively underdeveloped area in the middle of Sui Dynasty, with Huzhou in the north and Yuezhou in the south, which was better than Hangzhou. Hangzhou is sparsely populated and naturally insufficient, and the origin of Longjing tea has not been discovered.
The second is the problem of salty soil and alkali in the West Lake. The Sui and Tang Dynasties did not thoroughly control it until King Qian Liu of Wu Yue founded the two Zhejiang provinces, and this disadvantage was completely reversed. Until 150 years after Xiao Xian’s present era, that is, when Lu Yu wrote the Book of Tea, he still remembered that "tea came from Huzhou, Changzhou and Hangzhou in western Zhejiang; The gap of "Wuci Taizhou, Yuezhou, East Zhejiang" is that the lack of soil and water control has led to the completion of the water control work in Xiao Xian in just one year and a half, so Longjing tea can naturally grow in the past three hundred years. In Sui and Tang Dynasties, the main tea-producing area in Hangzhou was also the west side of the West Lake, mainly Lingyin Temple, and it was not lake water irrigation but mountain spring planting.
Thirdly, the understanding of terraced fields in the agricultural development in Sui and Tang Dynasties was still at a relatively primary stage-in this era, terraced fields were all built by pouring stones, steaming glutinous rice juice, and bonding them to maintain the water slope before planting rice, wheat and vegetables; If the impervious soil and water conservation layer is not repaired, the soil erosion at high places will soon become bare barren hills in a few years. This understanding cannot be wrong, but it is not narrow.
In fact, it is really necessary for terraced fields to be built if the plants are harvested once a year without even leaving grass on the roots. However, if tea trees and fruit trees are planted, these wooden plants will pick the fruits when they are harvested. Buds are not like planting rice and vegetables. Roots of the whole plant can naturally maintain water and soil. This is the reason why natural mountains rely on trees to conserve water and soil. Don’t mention that a little rough knowledge of tea planting in Qi Min Yao Shu didn’t go to the slope to grow tea. One hundred and fifty years later, Lu Yu’s Tea Classic didn’t cover the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The south was still vast and sparsely populated, and there was still land in the plain, but no one studied whether the slope could be relatively cheap and which economic trees to plant. This left a big picture for Xiao Xian to pick up.
Xiao Xian, of course, can’t tell Wu Shihuo that he can choose some reasons that won’t expose the identity of the traveler. It’s enough to make people feel so knowledgeable. Finally, Xiao Xian concluded that "the best thing to do is to find the monks in Lingyin Temple to give some alms at a price and plant tea the next year. When they are two feet tall, they will let people pick stars and go to the top. Now mulberry trees can pick tea in two or three years." When there is not a large amount of output, you can buy Disi tea first this year. When it is autumn and winter, the northern section of the Jiangnan Canal can be opened, and you can go by water. The farthest business can be traced back to Jianghan. It is also very convenient to find merchants to take over and transfer to Heluo. "
"Adults are really gods, and they are so young, but they can understand many things. Wu Mou, who used to run a business himself, is quite talented. Now it seems that it is just some opportunistic tinkering."
"It is said that in the far west, there was a businessman named Buffett who made a lot of money in his life. Others asked him the secret. Only by smiling, he replied that he was good at finding value. Even if you don’t have enough knowledge, you will surely become a contemporary businessman in this life."
If Wu Shihuo realized something, he asked, "Is it a value depression?"? Is it just some business that others don’t think is worth much money, but we have secret skills and can turn waste into treasure after taking the initiative? "
"It’s almost understandable." After satisfying his bad taste, Xiao Xian didn’t pester him much, so he recognized Wu Shihuo’s understanding.
……
I have to say that although Wu Shihuo is limited by his knowledge, he can’t keep up with the rhythm of Xiao Xian for the time being, but he still has hard work and is willing to learn to follow Xiao Xian around Hangzhou for two or three days. After getting familiar with the situation, he immediately devoted himself to recruiting people and building camps.
In the past year and a half, Xiao Xian Ligong has done a good job in the early stage of infrastructure construction for the land he is now swallowing. The water conservancy has been repaired, and the loess roads leading to various places have been leveled. If you can recruit refugees, that is, the tools for building houses need to be prepared and built separately, it is difficult to say that this job is difficult, but considering that it is still peaceful in the early years of Renshou, it is not easy to squeeze refugees at will. Since Hangzhou is a sparsely populated place, it is naturally difficult for people who have already registered to farm for you.
If no one works, land contracting there will not naturally generate income. Xiao Xian thinks to Wu Shihuo that there are two ways. One is to attract people from Yuezhou on the other side of Qiantang River. At this time, Yuezhou is richer than Su Hu and more densely populated. It is very difficult to do it among the poor in Yuezhou, but even if it is impossible to pay taxes to the court, it is still necessary to pay taxes according to 40 acres of farmland, so that the local people naturally have the possibility of mobility.
The second way is to search for some blackness. The biggest source of blackness in this era is the aristocratic family concealing the population. However, that kind of situation is more common in Gansu and Bingzhou, and Jiangnan is rarely destroyed by the Sui Dynasty Jiangnan clan.
Jiangnan, especially in Hangzhou-Suzhou Lake area, is the high-intelligence chaos and other civil unrest ten years ago-that is, the war in which Xiao Xian’s grandfather Xiao Yan and his uncle Xiao Xian were established and finally defeated, and they were killed. The main bodies in Hangzhou, Jiangsu, Lake and Vietnam are mostly plains, and it is naturally difficult to hide. However, some counties in Wuzhou, Yuqian County (Lin’ an) in Hangzhou are close to Tianmu Mountain, which fled to the west of Hangzhou after the death of that year. I dare not say too much, but I can’t say one or two.
These people can’t be dug up by others, but Xiao Xian’s name is different. It was these rebel leaders before his grandfather was killed. Now there is a chance to return to his name and still hide his mouth and wash his identity. The temptation is not small. The most important thing is whether the name of the field or Xiao Xian himself should pay taxes without delaying Xiao Xian’s status. There are few people in Hangzhou to thoroughly investigate the true identity of these harmful people
Wu Shihuo knew that Xiao Xian didn’t care to play this card, and he certainly didn’t care.
Chapter XIII Early Foundation
In the spring, I went to Qiu Lai, and in the wind and rain in Wu Shihuo, I helped to absorb the settlers, organize new arrivals to build houses, buy cattle and donkeys on credit, and grow tea to move mulberry. In more than half a year, I even turned this base area circled by Xiao Xian into a paradise, where mulberry tea was returned everywhere. It’s not as desolate as it was last year when it was "unfit for human habitation".
Two fields with a total area of more than 200,000 mu to be cultivated have also matured about 170,000 mu in this year, mainly because the mulberry fish ponds in Xixi River and Nantiaoxi River Basin have completed 90% of Sang Mu planting, while the tea fields in the south have poor basic conditions and need to be burned and ploughed, but nearly half of them can be planted with tea trees.
If ordinary people don’t grow grain and mulberry tea, a male and a female can take care of more than 100 mu of mulberry fields at most. If the family population is large, it can increase. However, this base area of Xixi River in Xiao Xian has absorbed 300 to 500 families in the past six months, and it is said that there is still a shortage of manpower to grow mulberry and raise silkworms. However, thanks to the fact that it is not yet time to pick mulberry, raise silkworms and cook cocoons for planting trees, the manpower can be extremely saved. Even if one person takes care of ordinary five mulberry fields, there is no problem.
Although busy, Wu Shihuo is confident and hopeful, because he has a great ability to follow this master Xiao Xian. This great ability is not only manifested in business and production, but also in running the imperial court. In just over half a year, the winter corvee period has just begun. Actually, the northern section of the Jiangnan Canal has been repaired, and the unit has been saved by more than 10% compared with the previous year. With the short-term civilian worker’s investment, the total construction time has been shortened by a full third. Moreover, he has just received an instruction from Xiao Xian to let him temporarily put Hangzhou construction work and organize capable people to make the fleet go north.
Everything has to start from the beginning of the year.
In mid-February, Xiao Xian handed over the business here in Hangzhou to Wu Shihuo, and then went to Yangzhou to report to Yang Hong, the manager of Yangzhou. Obviously, Yang Guanglai cooperated with each other in a tacit understanding. Xiao Xian was very favored by Yang Guang’s nephew and relatives. The process of everything was almost generous, even though Shi Xiaoxi from Xiao Xian promised Yang Hong to pay 40,000-dollar transit business tax one year after the completion of the Jiangnan Canal Line. In addition, Yangzhou Shuicao is a government-run fleet leased to local businessmen for one year and promised to contract taxes. This is also the theory that in the first two years, due to the need to build canals, the government has to levy many boats, and this income will be greatly reduced.
It seems that Yang Hong’s business tax ratio in the underdeveloped Sui Dynasty is Xiao Xian’s courage. You know, the business tax of the later dynasties is hundreds of thousands of two, and no dynasty can collect much more business tax except the Song Dynasty and Huaxia history
There is another reason why this piece of work in Xiao Xian Shuicao is so heavy, but that reason is only known by Xiao Xian himself, because the king of rivers, Yang Hong, is the father of Princess Yicheng. Although Princess Yicheng was the concubine of Yang Hong, Yang Hongfu was also unloved and unloved in those days (except for her tragic death of Princess Anyi, the fourth sister of Turkic), but Xiao Xian’s guilt in his heart can make Yang Hongdai’s achievements in Yangzhou look better, which is also a pity.
With Yang Hong’s support, the progress of repairing the south section of the Yangtze River last year will be faster, especially in Changzhou and Jingkou, where the population is much denser than that of Hangzhou. Moreover, it is very convenient for Taihu Lake to dispatch civilian workers from Suzhou and Huzhou, which are not along the river, to cross-border services. Even Danyang corvees can be recruited to work. Together, the five States have a total population of nearly 300,000, so that Xiao Xian can keep levying 50,000 corvees even during the busy season, and it will not lead to exhaustion.
The boatmen’s team has been trained in a year’s actual engineering practice, and they have been familiar with nearly 10,000 Artemisia annua preparations, and they have learned a lesson before. Moreover, the local officials of two States in Su Hu also showed snail killing actions along the Taihu Lake at the request of the government last winter, so that there was no chance for schistosomiasis to arise again during the river repair this year, which made the project almost no reason for stagnation.
With more manpower and more skilled boatmen, the epidemic disease has been suppressed. It can be said that in addition to the factor of money and grain, the other three factors affect the progress of river repair. Renshou’s two years are better than Renshou’s first year, and it is natural that the construction period will be accelerated smoothly. Because Suzhou and Huzhou can achieve a double cropping of rice in most years, it is naturally impossible for Xiao Xian to exchange for high taxes by granting the method of Qi Min Yao Shu.
……
As a result, when the historical clock turned to Renshou in October of the second year, Wu Shihuo was ordered to contract a merchant fleet to sell silk tea in Nanyang, and the Jiangnan Canal Line was completely connected.
Yangzhou Shuicao is under the jurisdiction of the government-run ships, and this season, the channel for contracting by the people has been released, so that the canal water tax can be taken back from the government for a self-operated ship-although most of these ships were collected by the imperial court ten years ago, and now the imperial court calculates the annual water tax according to whether you take the canal or not, just like the poll tax, but this should be said to be the "bow tax" which is more reasonable.
Perhaps it’s worrying about the profitability. There are still a few people who eat the first sip of water. There are not many business competitors in Wu Shihuo this season, and the profits should still be expected. However, although there are not many privately built boats and smuggled private businessmen, there are many Yangzhou Shuicao who can arrest soldiers and patrol the main canal. If there are any small businessmen who have been to the official canal, they will not be caught. However, Xiao Xian has no intention to implement tyranny. Those private businessmen who do not pay taxes at most, that is, they will be convenient to let go of small businesses.
In the first phase, Wu Shihuo Fleet contracted more than 20 ships from Yangzhou Shuicao, mostly four-foot-long sand barges with 2 cargo spaces, but the book shows that there are only seven ships. Obviously, the rest of the ships were accounted for by Xiao Xian, nominally by officials for digging canals, but actually moved to do their own business
"Material" is a unit of ancient sea-going ships. One material is equal to ten cubic feet. Some laymen often try to find out how many kilograms of displacement a material is equal to, but ultimately they can’t agree on the fact. It is difficult to calculate the capacity that is restricted by the wooden structure of ancient ships and the relatively large buoyancy of Chinese medieval ships. It is often the cabin volume rather than the maximum displacement.
On the volume, a material is about four stones, or when transporting grain and other agricultural products and silk weaving, it can definitely be transported in Man Cang. If the water flow is relatively calm, the river can be filled with 70%. Only when the iron is trafficked, it will happen that the goods are too heavy and need to be taken out of half of the shipping space. However, experienced businessmen will not let the ship be loaded with iron even if they want to sell iron, and they will also throw some goods lightly. Similarly, if they are transporting raw silk, the owner will also make some iron or porcelain as warehouse goods.
It will take two years for Xiao Xian’s self-operated manor to produce silk tea. This year, the silk tea in the goods transported by these fleets is mostly collected by Wu Shihuo according to Xiao Xian’s instructions from Su Hu and Su Hu. Silk tea is also rich in both places. In the peak season, the price of silk tea is low. If it can be saved and transported to the north to sell twice the gross profit, it is easy to ensure that it is not impossible if there is a poor harvest in other places.
However, if the gross profit is doubled, if it is an ordinary businessman, it is possible to feel satisfied. If Xiao Xian has so many gold fingers at this level, how can people be content? Even the profit of silk industry has been overwhelmed by Xiao Xian’s efforts. Some of these techniques are incomprehensible to Wu Shihuo today, and it is even more incomprehensible.
For example, being Wu Shihuo’s deputy for the time being and following Shen Faxing, the escort fleet, can’t understand Xiao Xian’s arrangement of silk trade skills, and he has been asking Wu Shihuo this and that all the way.
Shen Faxing’s ancestral home was Wu Kang County, Wukang County, or Xing Wu County, that is, it was not until the Sui Dynasty that he was assigned to Hangzhou, Xing Wu and Shen Shi. He was a prominent family for many years and was considered a powerful local strongman. However, Shen Faxing’s father, Shen Ke, was a former Chen Gongchen in the past. Although Shen Ke had died of illness for several years when Chen died, this branch in Shen Shi, Xing Wu, was still involved in Xiao Yan’s mutiny with high wisdom. At that time, Shen Faxing was a teenager after the defeat of the rebel army, and he fled to Tianmu Mountain with his Now I heard that Wu Shihuo secretly recruited refugees under the title of "Therefore, Liang Anping, Wang Xiaoyan, Di Sun Xiaoxi", and Shen Faxing tried to make a living with the idea of going to his old master and descendants.
During reclamation, the soil in the lower part is dug out and piled up to the upper part to form a staggered landform ditch with a width of 30 steps and a ridge with a width of 30 steps. The water depth of fish farming is five to seven feet. If the ridge is two feet above the water surface, jujube, pear tree or bamboo cane can be planted, or if it is one foot above the embankment edge, mulberry leaves can be planted to raise silkworms, fish can be raised with silkworm excrement, and the fish mud can be dredged and composted, which is beneficial to planting trees and sugarcane. In this way, even if the wasteland has never been plowed, mulberry trees can be planted immediately without manpower. "
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